Publications

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2024

Brice, EM, EJ Larsen, DR Stahler, DR MacNulty. 2024. The primacy of density-mediated indirect effects in a community of wolves, elk, and aspen. Ecological Monographs Early view online

MacNulty, DR, EM Brice, EJ Larsen. 2024. Non-random sampling measures the occurrence but not the strength of a textbook trophic cascade. Ecology Letters 27:e14344.

Smith, BJ. 2024. Cause and consequences of space-use behavior under predation risk in a free-living system. Thesis, Utah State University, Logan, Utah.

White, PJ, DR Stahler, DW Smith, DR MacNulty, RA Garrott. 2024. Northern Yellowstone elk: Resilience and adaptation to changes in management policies and the ecosystem. Yellowstone Association, Yellowstone National Park.

2023

Bidder, OR, T Connor, JM Morales, GJM Rickbeil, JA Merkle, RK Fuda, JD Rogerson, BM Scurlock, WH Edwards, EK Cole, DE McWhirter, AB Courtemanch, S Dewey, MJ Kauffman, DR MacNulty, JT du Toit, DR Stahler, AD Middleton. 2023. Forage senescence and disease influence elk pregnancy across the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Ecosphere 14:e4694.

Frévol, SA, DR MacNulty, M Anderson, LE Carmichael, HD Cluff, LD Mech, M Musiani. 2023. Geographic isolation reduces genetic diversity of a wide-ranging terrestrial vertebrate, Canis lupus. Ecosphere 14:e4536.

Gigliotti, LC, MP Atwood, EK Cole, A Courtemanch, S Dewey, JA Gude, M Hurley, M Kauffman, K Kroetz, B Leonard, DR MacNulty, E Maichak, D McWhirter, TW Mong, K Proffitt, B Scurlock, DR Stahler, AD Middleton. 2023. Multi-level thresholds of residential and agricultural land use for elk avoidance across the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Journal of Applied Ecology 60:1089-1099.

Smith, BJ, DR MacNulty, DR Stahler, DW Smith, T Avgar. 2023. Density-dependent habitat selection alters drivers of population distribution in northern Yellowstone elk. Ecology Letters 26:245-256.

Zuckerman, GR, KJ Barker, LC Gigliotti, EK Cole, JA Gude, MA Hurley, MJ Kauffman, D Lutz, DR MacNulty, EJ Maichak, D McWhirter, TW Mong, K Proffitt, BM Scurlock, DR Stahler, B Wise, AD Middleton. 2023. Diverse migratory profiles drive inter-annual switching behavior of elk across the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Ecosphere 14:e4502.

2022

Brandell, EE, PC Cross, DW Smith, W Rogers, NL Galloway, DR MacNulty, DR Stahler, J Treanor, PJ Hudson. 2022. Examination of the interaction between age-specific predation and chronic disease in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Journal of Animal Ecology 91:1373-1384.

Brice, EM, EJ Larsen, DR MacNulty. 2022. Sampling bias exaggerates a textbook example of a trophic cascade. Ecology Letters  25:177-188.

Brice, EM. 2022. Quantifying the indirect effect of wolves on aspen in northern Yellowstone National Park: Evidence for a trophic cascade? Thesis, Utah State University, Logan, Utah.

Cubaynes, S, EE Brandell, DR Stahler, DW Smith, ES Almberg, S Schindler, RK Wayne, AP Dobson, BM vonHoldt, DR MacNulty, PC Cross, PJ Hudson, T Coulson. 2022. Disease outbreaks select for mate choice and coat color in wolves. Science 378:300-303.

Gigliotti, LC, W Xu, G Zuckerman, MP Atwood, EK Cole, A Courtemanch, S Dewey, JA Gude, P Hnilicka, M Hurley, M Kauffman, K Kroetz, A Lawson, B Leonard, DR MacNulty, E Maichak, D McWhirter, TW Mong, K Proffitt, B Scurlock, DR Stahler, AD Middleton. 2022. Wildlife migrations highlight importance of both private lands and protected areas in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Biological Conservation 275:109752.

MacNulty, DR. 2022. Trophic cascade or trickle? Understanding the indirect effects of wolves on aspen. University of Wyoming National Park Service Research Station 45:1-8.

Stahler, DR, DR MacNulty, LM Smith, PJ White. 2022. Elk. Pages 208-209 in W.A. Marcus, J.E. Meacham, A.W. Rodman, A.Y. Steingisser, J.T. Menke, editors. Atlas of Yellowstone, second edition. University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon.

2021

Hoy, SR, DR MacNulty, MC Metz, DW Smith, DR Stahler, RO Peterson, JA Vucetich. 2021. Negative frequency-dependent prey selection by wolves and its implications for predator-prey dynamics. Animal Behaviour 179:247-265.

Brandell, EE, PC Cross, ME Craft, DW Smith, EJ Dubovi, MLJ Gilbertson, T Wheeldon, JA Stephenson, S Barber-Meyer, BL Borg, M Sorum, DR Stahler, A Kelly, M Anderson, HD Cluff, DR MacNulty, DE Watts, GH Roffler, H Schwantje, M Hebbblewhite, K Beckmen, PJ Hudson. 2021. Patterns and processes of pathogen exposure in gray wolves across North America. Scientific Reports 11:3722.

Smith, LM. 2021. Intraspecific variation in prey susceptibility mediates the consumptive of predation: a case study of Yellowstone elk and wolves. Thesis, Utah State University, Logan, Utah. 

2020

Cusack, J, MT Kohl, MC Metz, T Coulson, DR Stahler, DW Smith, DR MacNulty. 2020. Weak spatiotemporal response of prey to predation risk in a freely interacting system. Journal of Animal Ecology 89:120-131.

Hoy, SR, DR MacNulty, DW Smith, DR Stahler, X Lambin, RO Peterson, JS Ruprecht, JA Vucetich. 2020. Fluctuations in age structure and their variable influence on population growth. Functional Ecology 34:203-216.

Lachish, S, EE Brandell, Craft M, A Dobson, P Hudson, DR MacNulty, T Coulson. 2020. Investigating the dynamics of elk population size and body mass in a seasonal environment using a mechanistic integral projection model. The American Naturalist 196:E23-E45, R Code.

Ruprecht, JS, D Koons, K Hersey, NT Hobbs, DR MacNulty. 2020. The effect of climate on population growth in a cold-adapted ungulate at its equatorial range limit. Ecosphere 11:e03058.

Smith, DW, DR Stahler, DR MacNulty (editors). 2020. Yellowstone wolves: science and discovery in the world's first national park. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL

  • Ch. 1. Smith, DW, DR Stahler, DR MacNulty, LH Whittlesey. Historical and ecological context for wolf recovery. pp. 3-12.
  • Ch. 3. MacNulty, DR, DR Stahler, T Coulson, DW Smith. Essential biology of the wolf: foundations and advances. pp. 31-41.
  • Ch. 4. Stahler, DR, DW Smith, KA Cassidy, EE Stahler, MC Metz, R McIntyre, DR MacNulty. Ecology of family dynamics in Yellowstone wolf packs. pp. 42-60.
  • Ch. 5. Cassidy, KA, DW Smith, DR Stahler, DR MacNulty, EE Stahler, MC Metz. Territoriality and competition between wolf packs. pp. 61-76.
  • Ch. 6. Smith, DW, KA Cassidy, DR Stahler, DR MacNulty, Q Harrison, B Balmford, EE Stahler, EE Brandell, T Coulson. Population dynamics and demography. pp. 77-92.
  • Ch. 8. Schweizer, RM, DR Stahler, DR MacNulty, T Coulson, P Hedrick, R Johnston, KA Cassidy, B vonHoldt, RK Wayne. The K locus: rise of the black wolf. pp. 108-120.
  • Ch. 10. Smith, DW, MC Metz, DR Stahler, DR MacNulty. How we study wolf-prey relationships. pp. 139-148.
  • Ch. 11. MacNulty, DR, DR Stahler, DW Smith. Limits to wolf predatory performance. pp. 149-156.
  • Ch. 12. Metz, MC, M Hebblewhite, DW Smith, DR Stahler, DR MacNulty, A Tallian, JA Vucetich. What wolves eat and why. pp. 157-168.
  • Ch. 13. Metz, MC, DW Smith, DR Stahler, DR MacNulty, M Hebblewhite. Wolf predation on elk in a multi-prey system. pp. 169-183.
  • Ch. 16. Stahler, DR, CC Wilmers, A Tallian, CB Anton, MC Metz, TK Ruth, DW Smith, K Kunther, DR MacNulty. Competition and coexistence among Yellowstone’s meat eaters. pp. 223-243.

2019

Atkins, Inc. Summary report of independent peer reviews for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service gray wolf delisting review.

Frevol, S. 2019. Genetic diversity along the core-edge continuum in a species with a continental-scale range, Canis lupus. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay, France.

Hallerud, MA. 2019. The USU cougar project: optimizing noninvasive monitoring for an elusive large carnivore. Thesis, Utah State University, Logan, Utah.

Kohl, MT, TK Ruth, MC Metz, DR Stahler, DW Smith, PJ White, DR MacNulty. 2019. Do prey select for vacant hunting domains to minimize a multi-predator threat? Ecology Letters 22:1724-1733.

Kohl, MT. 2019. The spatial ecology of predator-prey interactions: a case study of Yellowstone elk, wolves, and cougas. Thesis, Utah State University, Logan, Utah.

2018

Brice, EM, DR MacNulty. 2018. Understanding the influence of climate, genetic variation, and herbivory on aspen (Populus tremuloides) growth in Yellowstone National Park. University of Wyoming National Park Service Research Station 41:48-54.

Metz, MC, DJ Emlen, DR Stahler, DR MacNulty, DW Smith, M Hebblewhite. 2018. Predation shapes the evolutionary traits of cervid weapons. Nature Ecology & Evolution 2:1619-1625.

Kohl, MT, DR Stahler, MC Metz, JD Forester, MJ Kauffman, N Varley, PJ White, DW Smith, DR MacNulty. 2018. Diel predator activity drives a dynamic landscape of fear. Ecological Monographs 88:638-652.

Martin, H, LD Mech, J Fieberg, M Metz, DR MacNulty, DR Stahler, DW Smith. 2018. Factors affecting gray wolf (Canis lupus) encounter rate of elk (Cervus elaphus) in Yellowstone National Park. Canadian Journal of Zoology 96:1032-1042.

2017

Cassidy, KA, LD Mech, DR MacNulty, DR Stahler, DW Smith. 2017. Sexually dimorphic aggression indicates male gray wolves specialize in pack defense against conspecific groups. Behavioral Processes 136:64-72.

Olson, ER, SM Crimms, DE Beyer, DR MacNulty, BR Patterson, BA Rudolph, AP Wydeven, TR Van Deelen. 2017. Flawed analysis and unconvincing interpretation: a comment on Chapron and Treves 2016. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284: 20170273.

Tallian, A, DW Smith, DR Stahler, MC Metz, RL Wallen, C Geremia, J Ruprecht, CT Wyman, DR MacNulty. 2017. Predator foraging response to a resurgent dangerous prey. Functional Ecology 31:1418-1429.

Tallian, A, A Ordiz, MC Metz, C Milleret, C Wikenros, DW Smith, DR Stahler, J Kindberg, DR MacNulty, P Wabakken, JE Swenson, H Sand. 2017. Competition between apex predators? Brown bears decrease wolf kill rate on two continents. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284:20162368.

Tallian, A. 2017. The behavior and ecology of cursorial predators and dangerous prey: integrating behavioral mechanisms with population-level patterns in large mammal systems. Thesis, Utah State University, Logan, Utah.

2016

Ruprecht, JS, KR Hersey, K Hafen, KL Monteith, NJ DeCesare, MJ Kauffman, DR MacNulty. 2016. Reproduction in moose at their southern range limit. Journal of Mammalogy 97:1355-1365.

Ruprecht, JS. 2016. The demography and determinants of population growth in Utah moose (Alces alces shirasi). Thesis, Utah State University, Logan, Utah.

Smith, DW, DR Stahler, DR MacNulty (editors). 2016. Celebrating 20 years of wolves. Yellowstone Science 24(1).

  • MacNulty, DR, DR Stahler, CT Wyman, J Ruprecht, DW Smith. 2016. The challenge of understanding Northern Yellowstone elk dynamics after wolf reintroduction. Yellowstone Science 24(1):25-33.
  • Cassidy, K, DW Smith, LD Mech, DR MacNulty, DR Stahler, MC Metz. 2016. Territoriality and interpack aggression in gray wolves: Shaping a social carnivore’s life history. Yellowstone Science 24(1):37-41.