Dr. Karin Kettenring
Watershed Sciences / Ecology Center
Professor

Contact Information
Office Hours: By AppointmentOffice Location: NR 230
Email: karin.kettenring@usu.edu
Additional Information:
Educational Background
Biography
Karin received her PhD in Applied Plant Sciences from the University of Minnesota. Before coming to USU in 2008, she was a Postdoctoral Fellow at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center in Edgewater, MD. Her research interests include the restoration of plant communities in wetlands and the ecology and management of invasive plants. Her PhD research focused on the seed ecology and revegetation of sedges (Carex species) in prairie pothole wetlands. During her postdoctoral research, she studied the genetics and spread of the non-native plant Phragmites australis (common reed), which is invading wetlands across North America. At USU, she continues to develop her research program in wetland plant ecology and teaches courses in wetland ecology and management, plant ecology, and restoration ecology.
Teaching Interests
Wetland Ecology
Restoration Ecology
Plant Ecology
Research Interests
I address basic and applied questions related to wetland ecology, plant ecology, seed ecology, and restoration.
I address research questions such as:
(1) What limits the restoration of wetland plant communities?
(2) What role do plant species and genetic diversity play in restoring the structure and function of wetlands?
(3) What makes invasive plants successful and how can we best manage them in wetlands?
(4) How do short and long-term drought affect wetland plant communities and their management?
My research sites include brackish wetlands of the Great Salt Lake and Chesapeake Bay, riparian wetlands in the Columbia River Basin and along the Platte River, and prairie pothole wetlands in MN and IA.
Awards
QCNR Teacher of the Year, 2024
QCNR Graduate Mentor of the Year, 2020
QCNR Undergraduate Research Mentor of the Year, 2017
Publications | Abstracts
- Sweetman, A., Kettenring, K., (2010). Intraspecific variation in the brackish wetland dominant alkali bulrush (Schoenoplectus maritimus). Society of Wetland Scientists *
- Kettenring, K., McCormick, M.K, Whigham, D.F, (2009). A feedback mechanism for the spread of the invasive plant Phragmites australis – increased local genetic diversity and cross pollination can drive viable seed production. Botanical Society of America annual meeting
- Downward, R., Endter-Wada, J.L, Kettenring, K., (2009). Keeping wetlands wet: Wetland policies and politics in the Bear River Basin. Ecological Society of America Millennium Conference on water-ecosystem services, drought, and environmental justice
- Downard, R., Endter-Wada, J.L, Kettenring, K., (2009). Keeping wetlands wet: Wetland policies and politics in the Bear River Basin. Ecological Society of America Millennium Conference on water-ecosystem services, drought, and environmental justice *
- Kettenring, K., Whigham, D.E, McCormick, M.K, Baron, H.M, Gallagher, S.K, Baldwin, A.H, (2009). Mechanisms of Phragmites invasion in the Chesapeake Bay: Disentangling the importance of land-use, disturbances, nutrients, genetic diversity, and viable seed production. Ecological Society of America annual meeting
- Wardrop, D.H, Kettenring, K., McCormick, M.K, Easterling, M.M, Peterson-Smith, J., Whigham, D.F, (2009). Writing a new story of Phragmites invasion: Historical land cover analysis and population studies in three Chesapeake Bay subestuaries. Society of Wetland Scientists annual meeting
- Gallagher, S.M, Kettenring, K., Whigham, D.F, (2008). Effects of small disturbances on the emergence of Phragmites australis in native wetland plant communities. Oconomowoc, WI
- Baldwin, A.H, Kettenring, K., Whigham, D.F, (2008). Seed banks of brackish Phragmites wetlands. Society of Wetland Scientists annual meeting
- Gallagher, S.M, Kettenring, K., Whigham, D.E, (2008). The effects of small disturbances on germination and emergence of Phragmites australis in brackish wetlands. Ecological Society of America annual meeting
- Kettenring, K., McCormick, M.K, Baron, H.M, Baldwin, A.H, Whigham, D.F, (2008). The potential for a seed-driven invasion of Phragmites australis in developed vs. forested watersheds of the Chesapeake Bay. Ecological Society of America annual meeting
- Baron, H.M, Kettenring, K., McCormick, M.K, Whigham, D.F, (2008). Variation in seed viability, genetic diversity, and foliar nutrients of non-native Phragmites australis in the Rhode River, a subestuary of the Chesapeake Bay. Society of Wetland Scientists annual meeting
- McCormick, M.K, Kettenring, K., Baron, H.M, Whigham, D.F, (2008). Watershed land-use, viable seed production, and genetic diversity of non-native Phragmites australis in Chesapeake Bay subestuaries. Atlantic Estuarine Research Society annual meeting
- Kettenring, K., Whigham, D.F, (2007). Seed germination and seedling growth of invasive Phragmites australis from forested and developed watersheds of the Chesapeake Bay. Ecological Society of America annual meeting
An asterisk (*) at the end of a publication indicates that it has not been peer-reviewed.
Publications | Fact Sheets
- Duncan, B.L, Hansen, R., Hambrecht, K., Cranney, C., Follstad-Shah, J.J, Veblen, K.E, Kettenring, K., (2019). Cattle grazing for invasive Phragmites australis (common reed) management in northern Utah wetlands. USU Extension Fact Sheets
- Rohal, C., Kettenring, K., Downard, R., Larese-Casanova, M., (2017). Soils of Great Salt Lake Wetlands: Hydric Indicators and Common Features. USU Extension
- Frank, M., Marty, J., Rohal, C., Downard, R., Endter-Wada, J.L, Kettenring, K., Larese-Casanova, M., (2016). Water Rights for Wetlands in the Bear River Delta. USU Extension
- Rupp, L.A, Whitesides, R.E, Kettenring, K., Hazelton, E., (2014). Phragmites Control at the Urban/Rural Interface. USU Extension
An asterisk (*) at the end of a publication indicates that it has not been peer-reviewed.
Publications | Journal Articles
Academic Journal
- Slocombe, M.P, Ortiz, M.F, Kettenring, K., (2025). Robust native plant propagule banks limit curly-leaved pondweed. Journal of Aquatic Plant Management, 64:1
- Feldman, E.V, Walsworth, T., Kettenring, K., (2024). Native species identity drives plant community growth and biotic resistance. Applied Vegetation Science, 27:3, doi: 10.1111/avsc.12808
- Rohal, C., Duncan, B., Follstad Shah, J., Veblen, K.E, Kettenring, K., (2024). Targeted grazing reduces a widespread wetland invader with minimal nutrient impacts, yet native community recovery is limited . Journal of Environmental Management, 362, 121168.
- Henry, A.L, Robinson, R., Sinnott, K., Tars, E., Brunson, M.W, Kettenring, K., (2024). Lay of the (wet)land: manager practices and challenges in wetland revegetation. Restoration Ecology, 32:5, e14167.
- Henry, A.L, Robinson, R., Sinnott, K., Brunson, M.W, Ernst, A., Tarsa, E., Kettenring, K., (2024). Got plants? Availability of and challenges to production of native plants for wetland restoration. Restoration Ecology, 32:4, e14120.
- Hammill, E., Pendleton, M., Brahney, J., Kettenring, K., Atwood, T., (2022). Metal concentrations in wetland plant tissues influences transfer to terrestrial food webs. Ecotoxicology, 31:5, 836-845.
- Hammill, E., Pendleton, M., Brahney, J., Kettenring, K., Atwood, T., (2022). Metal concentrations in wetland plant tissues influences transfer to terrestrial food webs. Ecotoxicology
- Leonard, E.E, Mast, A.M, Hawkins, C.P, Kettenring, K., (2021). Arthropod assemblages in invasive and native vegetation of Great Salt Lake wetlands. Wetlands, 41:5, doi: 10.1007/s13157-021-01446-1
- Sima, S., Rosenberg, D.E, Wurtsbaugh, W.A, Null, S., Kettenring, K., (2021). Managing Lake Urmia, Iran for diverse restoration objectives: Moving beyond a uniform target lake level. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 35
- Long, A.L, Kettenring, K., Hawkins, C.P, Neale, C.M, (2017). Distribution and drivers of a widespread, invasive wetland grass, Phragmites australis, in wetlands of the Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA. Wetlands, 37, 45-57.
- Espeland, E., Emery, N., Mercer, K., Woolbright, S., Kettenring, K., Gepts, P., Etterson, J., (2017). Evolution of plant materials for restoration: Insights from the applied and basic literature. Journal of Applied Ecology, 54, 102-115.
- Duncan, J.P, Powell, J.A, Rozum, R.N, Kettenring, K., (2017). Multi-scale methods predict invasion speeds in variable landscapes. Case study: Phragmites australis. Theoretical Ecology, 10, 287-303. doi: 10.1007/s12080-017-0329-0
- Kettenring, K., Mock, K.E, Zaman, B., McKee, M., (2016). Life on the edge: reproductive mode and rate of invasive Phragmites australis patch expansion. Biological Invasions, 18, 2475-2495.
- Kettenring, K., (2016). Viability, dormancy, germination, and intraspecific variation of Bolboschoenus maritimus (alkali bulrush) seeds. Aquatic Botany, 134, 26-30.
- Rosenberg, D.E, Alminagorta, O., Kettenring, K., (2016). Systems modeling to improve the hydroecological performance of diked wetlands. Water Resources Research, 52:9, 7070-7085. doi: 10.1002/2015wr018105
- Laine, C.M, Kettenring, K., Roper, B.B, (2015). An assessment of metrics to measure seasonal variation in and grazing effects on riparian plant communities. Western North American Naturalist, 75:1, 102–114.
- Kettenring, K., Whigham, D.F, Hazelton, E.L, Gallagher, S.K, Weiner, H.M, (2015). Biotic resistance, disturbance, and mode of colonization impact the invasion of a widespread, introduced wetland grass. Ecological Society of America, 25, 466-480.
- Menuz, D.R, Kettenring, K., Hawkins, C.P, Cutler, D., (2015). Non-equilibrium in plant distribution models–only an issue for introduced or dispersal limited species?. Ecography, 38:3, 231–240.
- Hazelton, E.L, McCormick, M.K, Sievers, M., Kettenring, K., Whigham, D.F, (2015). Stand Age is Associated with Clonal Diversity, but Not Vigor, Community Structure, or Insect Herbivory in Chesapeake Bay Phragmites australis. Wetlands, 35:5, 877–888.
- Menuz, D.R, Kettenring, K., Hawkins, C.P, Cutler, D., (2015). Non‐equilibrium in plant distribution models – only an issue for introduced or dispersal limited species?. Ecography, 38:3, 231-240. doi: 10.1111/ecog.00928
- Triplett, L.D, Kettenring, K., Tal, M., Smith, C., (2014). Multiple signatures of an invasive species in the geologic record. Anthropocene, 5, 59-64.
- Downard, R., Endter-Wada, J.L, Kettenring, K., (2014). Adaptive wetland management in an uncertain and changing arid environment. Ecology and Society, 19, 23.
- Kettenring, K., (2014). Application of genetic diversity-ecosystem function research to ecological restoration. Journal of Applied Ecology, 51, 339-348.
- Hazelton, E.L, Mozdzer, T.J, Burdick, D., Whigham, D.F, Kettenring, K., (2014). Phragmites australis management in the Unites States: 40 years of methods and outcomes. AoB Plants, 6, plu001.
- Santos Vanderlinder, M.E, Neale, C.M, Rosenberg, D.E, Kettenring, K., (2014). Use of remote sensing to assess changes in wetland plant communities over an 18-year period – a case study from the Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge, Great Salt Lake, UT. Western North American Naturalist, 74:1, 33-46.
- Laine, C.M, Kettenring, K., Roper, B.B, (2013). An assessment of permanent and nonpermanent plots in riparian vegetation monitoring. Western North American Naturalist, 73:3, 337-346.
- Menuz, D.R, Kettenring, K., (2013). The importance of roads, nutrients, and climate for invasive plant establishment in riparian areas in the northwestern United States. Biological Invasions, 15, 1601-1612.
- Sweetman, A.C, Kettenring, K., Mock, K.E, (2013). The pattern and structure of genetic diversity of Schoenoplectus maritimus: implications for wetland revegetation.. Aquatic Botany, 104, 47-54.
- Welsh, L., Endter-Wada, J.L, Downard, R., Kettenring, K., (2013). Developing adaptive capacity to droughts: the rationality of locality. Ecology and Society, 18:2, 7.
- Kettenring, K., Mock, K.E, (2012). Genetic diversity, reproductive mode, and dispersal differ between the cryptic invader, Phragmites australis, and its native conspecific. Biological Invasions, 14, 2489-2504. doi: 10.1007/s10530-012-0246-5
- Kettenring, K., Reinhardt Adams, C., (2011). Lessons learned from invasive plant control experiments: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Ecology, 48, 970-979.
- Kettenring, K., McCormick, M.K, Baron, H.M, Whigham, D.F, (2011). Mechanisms of Phragmites australis invasion in the Chesapeake Bay: feedbacks among genetic diversity, nutrients, and sexual reproduction. Journal of Applied Ecology, 48, 1305-1313. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02024.x
- Kettenring, K., Galatowitsch, S.M, (2011). Carex seedling emergence in restored and natural prairie wetlands. Wetlands, 31, 273-281.
- Kettenring, K., Galatowitsch, S.M, (2011). Seed rain of restored and natural prairie wetlands. Wetlands, 31, 283-294.
- McCormick, M.K, Kettenring, K., Baron, H.M, Whigham, D.F, (2010). Extent and reproductive mechanisms of Phragmites australis spread in brackish wetlands in Chesapeake Bay, Maryland (USA). Wetlands30, 67-74.
- Kettenring, K., McCormick, M.K, Baron, H.M, Whigham, D.F, (2010). Phragmites australis (common reed) invasion in the Rhode River subestuary of the Chesapeake Bay: disentangling the effects of foliar nutrients, genetic diversity, patch size, and seed viability. Estuaries and Coasts33, 118-126.
- Baldwin, A.H, Kettenring, K., Whigham, D.F, (2010). Seed banks of Phragmites australis-dominated brackish wetlands: relationships to seed viability, inundation, and land cover. Aquatic Botany93, 163-169.
- McCormick, M.K, Kettenring, K., Baron, H.M, Whigham, D.F, (2010). Spread of invasive Phragmites australis in estuaries with differing degrees of development: genetic patterns, Allee effects and interpretation. Journal of Ecology98, 1369-1378.
- Kettenring, K., Weekley, C.W, Menges, E.S, (2009). Herbivory delays flowering and reduces fecundity of Liatris ohlingerae (S.F. Blake) B.L. Rob., an endangered, endemic plant of the Florida scrub. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society136, 350-362.
- Hipp, A.L, Kettenring, K., Feldheim, K.A, Weber, J.A, (2009). Isolation of 11 polymorphic tri- and tetranucleotide microsatellite loci in a North American sedge (Carex scoparia: Cyperaceae) and cross-species amplification in three additional Carex species. Molecular Ecology Resources9, 625-627.
- Kettenring, K., Whigham, D.F, (2009). Seed viability and seed dormancy of non-native Phragmites australis in suburbanized and forested watersheds of the Chesapeake Bay, USA. Aquatic Botany91, 199-204.
- Kettenring, K., Galatowitsch, S.M, (2007). Requirements for dormancy break and seed germination vary greatly among 14 species of Carex (sedges) from wetlands in mid-continental U.S.. Aquatic Botany87, 209-220.
- Kettenring, K., Galatowitsch, S.M, (2007). Tools for Carex revegetation in prairie pothole wetlands: understanding dormancy loss and germination temperature requirements. Plant Ecology193, 157-169.
- Kettenring, K., Gardner, G., Galatowitsch, S.M, (2006). Effects of light on Carex seed germination. Annals of Botany98, 869-874.
- Kettenring, K., Martinez, B.T, Starfield, A.M, Getz, W.M, (2006). Good practices for sharing ecological models. BioScience56, 59-64.
- Young, S., Kettenring, K., Water politics and habitat concerns drive legislative action and management of invasive species. Journal of Environmental Management
Professional Journal
- Veblen, K., Kettenring, K., (2024). Targeted Grazing Reduces a Widespread Wetland Invader with Minimal Nutrient Impacts, Yet Native Community Recovery is Limited. Elsevier BV, doi: 10.2139/ssrn.4647380
- Kettenring, K., de Blois, S., Hauber, D.P, (2012). Moving from a regional to a continental perspective of Phragmites australis invasion in North America. AoB Plants, 1-18.
An asterisk (*) at the end of a publication indicates that it has not been peer-reviewed.
Publications | MultiMedia
Video
- Endter-Wada, J.L, Welsh, L.W, Downard, R., Kettenring, K., (2009). Paradoxes in adapting to droughts – The rationality of locality. Ecological Society of America Millennium Conference on water-ecosystem services, drought, and environmental justice
An asterisk (*) at the end of a publication indicates that it has not been peer-reviewed.
Publications | Technical Reports
Research Reports
- Kopp, K., Endter-Wada, J.L, Baker, M.A, Brahney, J., Chikamoto, Y., Kettenring, K., Neilson, B.T, Null, S., Rivers, E., Rosenberg, D.E, Schmidt, J.C, Shilton, R., Tarboton, D.G, Torres-Rua, A., Wang, S., Wheaton, J.M, Wurtsbaugh, W.A, Yost, M., Zhang, W., (2021). Utah State University 2021 Report to the Governor on Utah’s Land, Water, and Air.
- Kettenring, K., Long, A.L, Cranney, C., Rohal, C.B, Hazelton, E.L, (2013). Assessing approaches to manage Phragmites in the Great Salt Lake watershed. Final report to the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Forestry, Fire & State Lands. *
- Rupp, L.A, Whitesides, R.E, Kettenring, K., Larese-Casanova, M., Goodspeed, J., (2013). Phragmites australis Control at the Rural-Urban Interface Final Report. *
- Sweetman, A.C, Kettenring, K., Mock, K.E, (2012). The ecology and genetics of alkali bulrush (Schoenoplectus maritimus): management implications. Final report to Great Salt Lake wetland managers *
- Kettenring, K., Mock, K.E, (2010). Spread and genetic relatedness of native vs. introduced Phragmites australis in Utah wetlands. Final report prepared for U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service *
- Kettenring, K., Mock, K.E, (2009). Spread and genetic relatedness of invasive, non-native Phragmites australis in wetlands in northern Utah. Report to the Intermountain West Joint Venture
An asterisk (*) at the end of a publication indicates that it has not been peer-reviewed.
Publications | Other
Other
An asterisk (*) at the end of a publication indicates that it has not been peer-reviewed.
Teaching
Current Graduate Students
Montana Horchler - MS Ecology
Hailey Machnikowski - MS Ecology
Loren Taylor - MS Ecology
Emily Santos - Ph.D. Ecology, co-advised with Dr. Karen Beard
Graduate Students Mentored
- Meghan Slocombe defended her thesis in fall 2024. Her thesis can be found here: Potamogeton Crispus Invasion: Impacts on Native Aquatic Plants and Associated Faunal Habitat
- Maddie Houde defended her thesis in spring 2024. She is now a Protected Plants Specialist with the Nevada Division of Forestry. Her thesis can be found here: Revegetation Strategies for Native Wetland Plant Restoration in the Face of Phragmites australis Reinvasion and Hydrologic Extremes
- Elana Feldman defended her MS thesis is fall 2023. She now works for the Working Lands Conservation as a Project Manager in Utah. Her thesis can be found here: The Effect of Seed Mix Density and Composition on Wetland Plant Community Assembly in the Great Salt Lake Watershed
- Jes Braun defended their MS in spring 2023. They are an Ecologist with Inter-Fluve in Hood River, Oregon. Their thesis can be found here: Restoration Strategies for Wetlands in the Arid West: Seeding and Planting Approaches for Lakeshore Ecosystems
- Kate Sinnott defended her MS in spring 2023. She is now a Seed Technologist with the Minnesota Crop Improvement Association. Here thesis can be found here: Overcoming Barriers to Aquatic Plant Restoration: Addressing Gaps in Species Identification and Planting Techniques in the Intermountain West
- Emily Tarsa defended her PhD in fall 2022. She is now an Assistant Professor at Georgia Coastal University. Her dissertation can be found here: Seed Ecology and Regeneration Processes to Inform Seed-Based Wetland Restoration
- Coryna Hebert defended her MS degree in spring 2022. Her thesis can be found here: The Effect of Species Choice, Seed Mix Composition, and Microtopography on Native Plant Restoration in Great Salt Lake Wetlands. She now works for Ducks Unlimited as a biologist out of SLC.
- Rae Robinson defended her MS degree in spring 2021. Her research focused on the effects of seed mix composition, sowing density, and seedling survival on plant community reassembly in Great Salt Lake wetlands.
- Emily Leonard defended her MS degree in fall 2019. Her research focused on arthropod assemblages in Phragmites-invaded, native-plant dominated, and restored Great Salt Lake wetlands.
- Brittany Duncan defended her MS degree in summer 2018. Her research focused on control of Phragmites with cattle and nutrient impacts. She is the Invasive Species Monitoring Specialist with Utah Department of Agriculture and Food.
- David England defended his MS degree in January 2018. His research focused on Seeding treatments to enhance seedling performance of the bulrushes Bolboschoenus maritimus, Schoenoplectus acutus, and S. americanus in wetland restorations. He is Assistant Wetland Manager at Farmington Bay Waterfowl Management Area.
- Christine Rohal graduated with her Ph.D. in spring 2018. Her research focused on Invasive Phragmites australis management in Great Salt Lake wetlands: context dependency and scale effects on vegetation and seed banks. She is a Postdoctoral Researcher at the University of Florida.
- Eric Hazelton graduated in summer 2017. His Ph.D. focused on control of Phragmites australis in Chesapeake Bay wetlands.
- Chad Cranney graduated in spring 2016. His MS thesis focused on Control of large stands of Phragmites australis in Great Salt Lake wetlands. He is now Salt Creek and Public Shooting Grounds Waterfowl Management Area Wetland Manager, Assistant Wildlife Manager, and Waterfowl Invasive Weed Project Leader.
- Jimmy Marty graduated in spring 2016. His MS thesis was on Revegetation of bulrushes Bolboschoenus maritimus, Schoenoplectus acutus, and S. americanus in Great Salt Lake wetlands: seed biology and influence of environmental factors on rhizomes. He now works for an environmental consulting firm in Minneapolis, MN.
- Lexine Long graduated in 2014. Her MS thesis was on the Distribution and drivers of a widespread, invasive wetland grass, Phragmites australis, in Great Salt Lake wetlands.
- Caroline Laine graduated in 2011. Her MS thesis focused on: An assessment of vegetation metrics and plot types to measure seasonal variation and grazing effects on riparian plant communities.
- Amanda Sweetman graduated in 2013. Her MS thesis focused on: The ecology and genetics of Schoenoplectus maritimus, an important emergent macrophyte, across diverse hydrologic conditions—implications for restoration.
- Diane Menuz graduated in 2011. Her MS thesis focused on: Using species distribution models to assess invasion theory and provide management recommendations for riparian areas in the eastern Columbia and western Missouri River basins. She now lives in Salt Lake City, UT, and is the State Wetland Coordinator for the Utah Geological Survey.
Courses
WATS / WILD 6700 - Restoration Ecology - offered even years fall semester, 3:00-4:15pm Tuesdays/Thursdays
WATS 5310 - Ecology and restoration of wetland and riparian plants - every fall, 9:30am - 12:30pm Fridays
WATS 5300 - Principles of Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration - every fall, 1:30pm - 5:00pm Fridays
WATS 6311 - Field Botany: Wetland and Riparian Plants - late summer 3 day field course (fall semester)
WATS 6312 - Wetland Delineation - late summer 2 day field course (fall semester)